The prevalence of resistance-associated mutations to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naïve (HIV1)-infected individuals in Casablanca, Morocco.
Identifieur interne : 000091 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000090; suivant : 000092The prevalence of resistance-associated mutations to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naïve (HIV1)-infected individuals in Casablanca, Morocco.
Auteurs : Khadija Bakhouch [Maroc] ; Ahd Oulad-Lahcen ; Rajae Bensghir ; Mohamed Blaghen ; Kamal Marhoum Elfilali ; Sayeh Ezzikouri ; Omar Abidi ; Mohamed Hassar ; Lahcen WakrimSource :
- Journal of infection in developing countries [ 1972-2680 ] ; 2009.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ARN viral (génétique), ARN viral (isolement et purification), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Agents antiVIH (pharmacologie), Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH), Extraits de plantes (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Infections à VIH (virologie), Inhibiteurs de la transcriptase inverse (pharmacologie), Inhibiteurs de protéase du VIH (pharmacologie), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Maroc (MeSH), Mutation faux-sens (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Protéase du VIH (génétique), Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne (MeSH), Résistance virale aux médicaments (MeSH), Transcriptase inverse du VIH (génétique), VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques), VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (génétique), VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (isolement et purification).
- MESH :
- effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques : VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1).
- génétique : ARN viral, Protéase du VIH, Transcriptase inverse du VIH, VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1).
- isolement et purification : ARN viral, VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1).
- pharmacologie : Agents antiVIH, Inhibiteurs de la transcriptase inverse, Inhibiteurs de protéase du VIH.
- virologie : Infections à VIH.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Extraits de plantes, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Maroc, Mutation faux-sens, Mâle, Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne, Résistance virale aux médicaments.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Maroc.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Anti-HIV Agents (pharmacology), Drug Resistance, Viral (MeSH), Female (MeSH), HIV Infections (virology), HIV Protease (genetics), HIV Protease Inhibitors (pharmacology), HIV Reverse Transcriptase (genetics), HIV-1 (drug effects), HIV-1 (genetics), HIV-1 (isolation & purification), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Morocco (MeSH), Mutation, Missense (MeSH), Plant Extracts (MeSH), Polymerase Chain Reaction (MeSH), RNA, Viral (genetics), RNA, Viral (isolation & purification), Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (pharmacology), Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : HIV Protease, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, RNA, Viral.
- chemical , isolation & purification : RNA, Viral.
- chemical , pharmacology : Anti-HIV Agents, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors.
- geographic : Morocco, Plant Extracts.
- drug effects : HIV-1.
- genetics : HIV-1.
- isolation & purification : HIV-1.
- virology : HIV Infections.
- Adult, Drug Resistance, Viral, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Missense, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Young Adult.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The widespread use of antiretroviral agents and the growing occurrence of HIV-1 strains resistant to these drugs have given rise to serious concerns regarding the transmission of resistant viruses to newly infected persons, which may reduce the efficacy of a first-line antiretroviral therapy.
METHODOLOGY
RNA was extracted from plasma samples of 98 treatment-naïve individuals with a plasma HIV RNA viral load of at least 1,000 copies/ml. Both protease (pr) and reverse transcriptase (rt) were amplified and sequenced using an automated sequencer. National Agency for AIDS Research (ANRS) and Stanford HIV database algorithms were used for interpretation of resistance data.
RESULTS
In the protease segment, various minor mutations were present in the majority of the sequenced samples with high frequencies. Only two major mutations, M46L and V82L, were separately found in three individuals of 71 (4.2%) with one carrying both mutations. In the reverse transcriptase gene, no NNRTIs-associated resistance mutations were detected. Only one patient of 70 (1.4%) carried the F77L mutation that is associated with NRTIs resistance. Genetic subtyping revealed that 74.6% of samples were infected with subtype B, 15.5% with CRF02_AG, 4.2% with CRF01_AE, 1.4% with C, 2.8% with G and 1.4% with subtype F2.
CONCLUSIONS
The low prevalence of major mutations associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) among drug-naïve individuals studied suggests that the routine of drug resistance testing may be unnecessary for all Moroccan individuals newly diagnosed or all patients beginning antiretroviral therapy. Nevertheless, continuous surveillance is required since greater access to antiretroviral drugs is expected in Morocco.
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.247
PubMed: 19759509
Affiliations:
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sortKey="Bensghir, Rajae" sort="Bensghir, Rajae" uniqKey="Bensghir R" first="Rajae" last="Bensghir">Rajae Bensghir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blaghen, Mohamed" sort="Blaghen, Mohamed" uniqKey="Blaghen M" first="Mohamed" last="Blaghen">Mohamed Blaghen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elfilali, Kamal Marhoum" sort="Elfilali, Kamal Marhoum" uniqKey="Elfilali K" first="Kamal Marhoum" last="Elfilali">Kamal Marhoum Elfilali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ezzikouri, Sayeh" sort="Ezzikouri, Sayeh" uniqKey="Ezzikouri S" first="Sayeh" last="Ezzikouri">Sayeh Ezzikouri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abidi, Omar" sort="Abidi, Omar" uniqKey="Abidi O" first="Omar" last="Abidi">Omar Abidi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hassar, Mohamed" sort="Hassar, Mohamed" uniqKey="Hassar M" first="Mohamed" last="Hassar">Mohamed Hassar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wakrim, Lahcen" sort="Wakrim, Lahcen" uniqKey="Wakrim L" first="Lahcen" last="Wakrim">Lahcen Wakrim</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:19759509</idno><idno type="pmid">19759509</idno><idno type="doi">10.3855/jidc.247</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000728</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000728</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000724</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000724</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000729</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000729</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000091</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000091</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000091</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The prevalence of resistance-associated mutations to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naïve (HIV1)-infected individuals in Casablanca, Morocco.</title><author><name sortKey="Bakhouch, Khadija" sort="Bakhouch, Khadija" uniqKey="Bakhouch K" first="Khadija" last="Bakhouch">Khadija Bakhouch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20100 Casablanca, Morocco. bakhouch.khadija@yahoo.com</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20100 Casablanca</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>20100 Casablanca</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oulad Lahcen, Ahd" sort="Oulad Lahcen, Ahd" uniqKey="Oulad Lahcen A" first="Ahd" last="Oulad-Lahcen">Ahd Oulad-Lahcen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bensghir, Rajae" sort="Bensghir, Rajae" uniqKey="Bensghir R" first="Rajae" last="Bensghir">Rajae Bensghir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blaghen, Mohamed" sort="Blaghen, Mohamed" uniqKey="Blaghen M" first="Mohamed" last="Blaghen">Mohamed Blaghen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elfilali, Kamal Marhoum" sort="Elfilali, Kamal Marhoum" uniqKey="Elfilali K" first="Kamal Marhoum" last="Elfilali">Kamal Marhoum Elfilali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ezzikouri, Sayeh" sort="Ezzikouri, Sayeh" uniqKey="Ezzikouri S" first="Sayeh" last="Ezzikouri">Sayeh Ezzikouri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abidi, Omar" sort="Abidi, Omar" uniqKey="Abidi O" first="Omar" last="Abidi">Omar Abidi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hassar, Mohamed" sort="Hassar, Mohamed" uniqKey="Hassar M" first="Mohamed" last="Hassar">Mohamed Hassar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wakrim, Lahcen" sort="Wakrim, Lahcen" uniqKey="Wakrim L" first="Lahcen" last="Wakrim">Lahcen Wakrim</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of infection in developing countries</title><idno type="eISSN">1972-2680</idno><imprint><date when="2009" type="published">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Anti-HIV Agents (pharmacology)</term><term>Drug Resistance, Viral (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>HIV Infections (virology)</term><term>HIV Protease (genetics)</term><term>HIV Protease Inhibitors (pharmacology)</term><term>HIV Reverse Transcriptase (genetics)</term><term>HIV-1 (drug effects)</term><term>HIV-1 (genetics)</term><term>HIV-1 (isolation & purification)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Morocco (MeSH)</term><term>Mutation, Missense (MeSH)</term><term>Plant Extracts (MeSH)</term><term>Polymerase Chain Reaction (MeSH)</term><term>RNA, Viral (genetics)</term><term>RNA, Viral (isolation & purification)</term><term>Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (pharmacology)</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral (génétique)</term><term>ARN viral (isolement et purification)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Agents antiVIH (pharmacologie)</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH)</term><term>Extraits de plantes (MeSH)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Infections à VIH (virologie)</term><term>Inhibiteurs de la transcriptase inverse (pharmacologie)</term><term>Inhibiteurs de protéase du VIH (pharmacologie)</term><term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Maroc (MeSH)</term><term>Mutation faux-sens (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Protéase du VIH (génétique)</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne (MeSH)</term><term>Résistance virale aux médicaments (MeSH)</term><term>Transcriptase inverse du VIH (génétique)</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques)</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (génétique)</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (isolement et purification)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Protease</term><term>HIV Reverse Transcriptase</term><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-HIV Agents</term><term>HIV Protease Inhibitors</term><term>Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Morocco</term><term>Plant Extracts</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV-1</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques" xml:lang="fr"><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV-1</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term><term>Protéase du VIH</term><term>Transcriptase inverse du VIH</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV-1</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Agents antiVIH</term><term>Inhibiteurs de la transcriptase inverse</term><term>Inhibiteurs de protéase du VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Drug Resistance, Viral</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Mutation, Missense</term><term>Polymerase Chain Reaction</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Extraits de plantes</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Maroc</term><term>Mutation faux-sens</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne</term><term>Résistance virale aux médicaments</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maroc</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>The widespread use of antiretroviral agents and the growing occurrence of HIV-1 strains resistant to these drugs have given rise to serious concerns regarding the transmission of resistant viruses to newly infected persons, which may reduce the efficacy of a first-line antiretroviral therapy.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODOLOGY</b></p><p>RNA was extracted from plasma samples of 98 treatment-naïve individuals with a plasma HIV RNA viral load of at least 1,000 copies/ml. Both protease (pr) and reverse transcriptase (rt) were amplified and sequenced using an automated sequencer. National Agency for AIDS Research (ANRS) and Stanford HIV database algorithms were used for interpretation of resistance data.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>In the protease segment, various minor mutations were present in the majority of the sequenced samples with high frequencies. Only two major mutations, M46L and V82L, were separately found in three individuals of 71 (4.2%) with one carrying both mutations. In the reverse transcriptase gene, no NNRTIs-associated resistance mutations were detected. Only one patient of 70 (1.4%) carried the F77L mutation that is associated with NRTIs resistance. Genetic subtyping revealed that 74.6% of samples were infected with subtype B, 15.5% with CRF02_AG, 4.2% with CRF01_AE, 1.4% with C, 2.8% with G and 1.4% with subtype F2.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>The low prevalence of major mutations associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) among drug-naïve individuals studied suggests that the routine of drug resistance testing may be unnecessary for all Moroccan individuals newly diagnosed or all patients beginning antiretroviral therapy. Nevertheless, continuous surveillance is required since greater access to antiretroviral drugs is expected in Morocco.</p></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Maroc</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Abidi, Omar" sort="Abidi, Omar" uniqKey="Abidi O" first="Omar" last="Abidi">Omar Abidi</name><name sortKey="Bensghir, Rajae" sort="Bensghir, Rajae" uniqKey="Bensghir R" first="Rajae" last="Bensghir">Rajae Bensghir</name><name sortKey="Blaghen, Mohamed" sort="Blaghen, Mohamed" uniqKey="Blaghen M" first="Mohamed" last="Blaghen">Mohamed Blaghen</name><name sortKey="Elfilali, Kamal Marhoum" sort="Elfilali, Kamal Marhoum" uniqKey="Elfilali K" first="Kamal Marhoum" last="Elfilali">Kamal Marhoum Elfilali</name><name sortKey="Ezzikouri, Sayeh" sort="Ezzikouri, Sayeh" uniqKey="Ezzikouri S" first="Sayeh" last="Ezzikouri">Sayeh Ezzikouri</name><name sortKey="Hassar, Mohamed" sort="Hassar, Mohamed" uniqKey="Hassar M" first="Mohamed" last="Hassar">Mohamed Hassar</name><name sortKey="Oulad Lahcen, Ahd" sort="Oulad Lahcen, Ahd" uniqKey="Oulad Lahcen A" first="Ahd" last="Oulad-Lahcen">Ahd Oulad-Lahcen</name><name sortKey="Wakrim, Lahcen" sort="Wakrim, Lahcen" uniqKey="Wakrim L" first="Lahcen" last="Wakrim">Lahcen Wakrim</name></noCountry><country name="Maroc"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bakhouch, Khadija" sort="Bakhouch, Khadija" uniqKey="Bakhouch K" first="Khadija" last="Bakhouch">Khadija Bakhouch</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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